The demand for lithium has increased incredibly during the last decade as it has become the
mainstream for the growth of industrial products; especially batteries for electric vehicles and …

Oxygen vacancies (OV) are native defects in transition metal (TM) oxides and their presence
has a critical effect on the physicochemical properties of the oxide. Metal oxides are …

Naturally occurring manganese (Mn (III/IV)) oxides are ubiquitous in a wide range of
environmental settings and play a key role in numerous biogeochemical cycles. In addition …

The chemistry of Fe and Mn in natural geochemical systems are closely coupled, as Fe and
Mn always co-exist in various forms (eg, hydrated ions, soluble complexes, and particles) in …

In the sustainable production of non-fossil fuels, water oxidation is pivotal. Development of
efficient catalysts based on manganese is desirable because this element is earth …

Water oxidation in all oxygenic photosynthetic organisms is catalysed by the Mn4CaO4
cluster of Photosystem II. This cluster has inspired the development of synthetic manganese …

The valence states of Mn in mixed-valent layer and tunnel structure manganese dioxides
(MnO2), usually referred to as phyllomanganates and tectomanganates, can be measured …

Manganese based precious metal-free electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction
(OER) are promising materials for energy storage systems based on dark or photo-coupled …

From the view of environment and easy availability, to develop the most efficient manganese
oxide for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation is of great importance for the degradation of …

Birnessite is ubiquitous in the natural environment where heavy metals are retained and
easily transformed. The surface properties and structure of birnessite change with the …