Wild large herbivores are declining worldwide. Despite extensive use of exclosure
experiments to investigate herbivore impacts, there is little consensus on the effects of wild …

Conservation management options for southern African elephants range from local to
regional scales. Here we review these options and argue in favour of actions that will deal …

Trophic cascades—the top-down regulation of ecosystems by predators—are an essential
aspect of ecosystem function and well-being. Trophic cascades are often drastically …

African savannas are undergoing management intensification, and decision makers are
increasingly challenged to balance the needs of large herbivore populations with the …

This is the fourth African Elephant Status Report (AESR) produced under the aegis of the
African Elephant Specialist Group (AfESG) of the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC) …

An hypothesis predicting which woody species selected by elephant are at risk of local
extirpation is based on an understanding of elephant digestive physiology, foraging ecology …

Large herbivores such as elephants (Loxodonta africana) apparently have a negative
impact on woody vegetation at moderate to high population densities. The confounding …

Debate over repealing the ivory trade ban dominates conferences of the Convention on
International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). Resolving this …

Megaherbivores perform vital ecosystem engineering roles, and have their last remaining
stronghold in Africa. Of Africa's remaining megaherbivores, the common hippopotamus …

African elephants can affect the quality of the habitat of other species by breaking or
uprooting trees and shrubs in savannas. Their effect on vegetation has been widely studied …