Infections in the first year of life are common and often severe. The newborn host
demonstrates both quantitative and qualitative differences to the adult in nearly all aspects of …

A number of new tuberculosis (TB) vaccines have been or are entering clinical trials, which
include genetically modified mycobacteria, mycobacterial antigens delivered by viral …

The early stages of life are associated with increased susceptibility to infection, which is in
part due to an ineffective immune system. In the context of infection, the immune system …

The develo** human fetus generates both tolerogenic and protective immune responses
in response to the unique requirements of gestation. Thus, a successful human pregnancy …

BACKGROUND Induction of innate immune memory, also termed trained immunity, by the
antituberculosis vaccine bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) contributes to protection against …

The past decade has brought great strides in our understanding of adaptive immunity in
neonatal mice. Although poor immune responses are commonly observed, it is now clear …

Tuberculosis continues to cause an unacceptably high toll of disease and death among
children worldwide, particularly in the wake of the HIV epidemic. Increased international …

Infants are capable of mounting adaptive immune responses, but their ability to develop long-
lasting immunity is limited. Understanding the particularities of the neonatal adaptive …

The immune system of infants is actively downregulated during pregnancy and therefore the
first months of life represent a period of heightened susceptibility to infection. After birth …

Respiratory infectious diseases encountered early in life may result in life-threatening
disease in neonates, which is primarily explained by the relatively naive neonatal immune …