Global and regional molecular epidemiology of HIV-1, 1990–2015: a systematic review, global survey, and trend analysis

J Hemelaar, R Elangovan, J Yun… - The Lancet infectious …, 2019 - thelancet.com
Background Global genetic diversity of HIV-1 is a major challenge to the development of HIV
vaccines. We aimed to estimate the regional and global distribution of HIV-1 subtypes and …

The origin and diversity of the HIV-1 pandemic

J Hemelaar - Trends in molecular medicine, 2012 - cell.com
This review examines the enormous progress that has been made in the past decade in
understanding the origin of HIV, HIV genetic variability, and the impact of global HIV diversity …

HIV/AIDS epidemiology, pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment

V Simon, DD Ho, QA Karim - The Lancet, 2006 - thelancet.com
The HIV-1 pandemic is a complex mix of diverse epidemics within and between countries
and regions of the world, and is undoubtedly the defining public-health crisis of our time …

The challenge of HIV-1 subtype diversity

BS Taylor, ME Sobieszczyk… - … England Journal of …, 2008 - Mass Medical Soc
HIV-1 has evolved multiple mechanisms to elude immune control. The view of virus as
classifiable into distinct subtypes needs to reflect the reality of the constant emergence of …

Rationale and uses of a public HIV drug‐resistance database

RW Shafer - The Journal of infectious diseases, 2006 - academic.oup.com
Abstract Knowledge regarding the drug resistance of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is
critical for surveillance of drug resistance, development of antiretroviral drugs, and …

Antiretroviral drug resistance testing in adult HIV-1 infection: 2008 recommendations of an International AIDS Society-USA panel

MS Hirsch, HF Günthard, JM Schapiro… - Clinical Infectious …, 2008 - academic.oup.com
Resistance to antiretroviral drugs remains an important limitation to successful human
immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) therapy. Resistance testing can improve treatment …

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype distribution in the worldwide epidemic: pathogenetic and therapeutic implications

L Buonaguro, ML Tornesello, FM Buonaguro - Journal of virology, 2007 - Am Soc Microbiol
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is the causative agent of AIDS (10, 38, 105,
114). It is characterized by extensive and dynamic genetic diversity, generating variants …

HIV‐1 genetic variability and clinical implications

MM Santoro, CF Perno - International Scholarly Research …, 2013 - Wiley Online Library
Despite advances in antiretroviral therapy that have revolutionized HIV disease
management, effective control of the HIV infection pandemic remains elusive. Beyond the …

[HTML][HTML] HIV-1 drug resistance mutations: an updated framework for the second decade of HAART

RW Shafer, JM Schapiro - AIDS reviews, 2008 - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
More than 200 mutations are associated with antiretroviral resistance to drugs belonging to
six licensed antiretroviral classes. More than 50 reverse transcriptase mutations are …

HIV-1 protease and reverse transcriptase mutations for drug resistance surveillance

RW Shafer, SY Rhee, D Pillay, V Miller, P Sandstrom… - Aids, 2007 - journals.lww.com
Objectives: Monitoring regional levels of transmitted HIV-1 resistance informs treatment
guidelines and provides feedback on the success of HIV-1 prevention efforts. Surveillance …