CO2-responsive materials undergo a change in chemical or physical properties in response
to the introduction or removal of CO2. The use of CO2 as a stimulus is advantageous as it is …

Forward osmosis (FO) has been extensively investigated in the past decade. Despite
significant advancements in our understanding of the FO process, questions and challenges …

Since the beginning of this millennium, shale gas extraction by horizontal drilling and
hydraulic fracturing has boosted US gas production, changing the global energy markets …

Water and energy have always been crucial for the world's social and economic growth.
Their supply and use must be sustainable. This review discusses opportunities for …

Combining two solutions of different composition releases the Gibbs free energy of mixing.
By using engineered processes to control the mixing, chemical energy stored in salinity …

Forward osmosis (FO) is one of the evolving membrane technologies in desalination with
recent expanded new interest as a low energy process. The most significant parts of FO …

Forward osmosis (FO) is a membrane separation process using a highly concentrated draw
solution with high osmotic potential to draw water across a semi-permeable membrane from …

Osmotic membrane bioreactor (OMBR) is an emerging technology integrating a forward
osmosis (FO) process into a membrane bioreactor (MBR). This technology has been gaining …

Despite the impressive progress in forward osmosis (FO) membranes and pilot scale testing
of FO process, lack of draw solutes that can be efficiently regenerated is still a limiting factor …

Forward osmosis has gained tremendous attention in the field of desalination and
wastewater treatment. However, membrane fouling is an inevitable issue. Membrane fouling …