This chapter reviews the empirical literature on the determination of firms' and industries'
innovative activity and performance, highlighting the questions addressed, the approaches …

This paper surveys what is known about the extent of international technology diffusion and
channels through which technology spreads. Productivity differences explain much of the …

Industry 4.0 is considered a new industrial stage in which vertical and horizontal
manufacturing processes integration and product connectivity can help companies to …

We develop a Ricardian trade model that incorporates realistic geographic features into
general equilibrium. It delivers simple structural equations for bilateral trade with parameters …

Motivated by differences in innovation intensity across advanced economies, this paper
presents an empirical examination of the determinants of country-level production of …

We reconcile trade theory with plant-level export behavior, extending the Ricardian model to
accommodate many countries, geographic barriers, and imperfect competition. Our model …

We examine the impact of Chinese import competition on broad measures of technical
change—patenting, IT, and TFP—using new panel data across twelve European countries …

Many writers have claimed that research and development (R&D) has two faces. In addition
to the conventional role of stimulating innovation, R&D enhances technology transfer …

This paper provides a survey and synthesis of econometric tools that have been employed
to study economic growth. While these tools range across a variety of statistical methods …

Income convergence across countries turns on whether technological knowledge spillovers
are global or local. I estimate the amount of spillovers from R&D expenditures on a …