The discipline of political science has developed an active research program on the
development, operation, spread, and impact of international legal norms, agreements, and …

Uncertainty about capabilities, intent, or resolve has long been linked to war. More recently,
the bargaining model of war has established uncertainty, also referred to as asymmetric …

The treatment of foreign investment has become the most controversial issue in global
governance. At the center of the controversy lies the mechanism of investor-state dispute …

The concept of precedent is fundamental to domestic courts, especially in Anglo-American
common law systems, where judges are bound to the court's past decisions. By contrast …

Military coalitions are ubiquitous. The United States builds them regularly, yet they are
associated with the largest, most destructive, and consequential wars in history. When do …

For all the attention paid to the panelists and Appellate Body of the World Trade
Organization (WTO), the Secretariat plays an overlooked and increasingly important role in …

This research note highlights an important element missing from rational design theories of
international agreements:“institutional context”—the presence or absence of existing and …

Based on a comprehensive empirical analysis of maritime disputes during the twentieth
century, this Article argues that international courts cast a shadow that markedly changes …

To explain trade policies, a large literature draws on domestic institutions. Institutions that
are more responsive to narrow-interest groups are expected to succumb to protectionist …

The conventional wisdom emphasizes agency slack or bias as the central problem of
international delegation. I show that the possibility of a unilateral influence contest is equally …