The global H5N1 influenza panzootic in mammals
Influenza A viruses have caused more documented global pandemics in human history than
any other pathogen,. High pathogenicity avian influenza viruses belonging to the H5N1 …
any other pathogen,. High pathogenicity avian influenza viruses belonging to the H5N1 …
Pathogenicity and virulence of influenza
Y Liang - Virulence, 2023 - Taylor & Francis
Influenza viruses, including four major types (A, B, C, and D), can cause mild-to-severe and
lethal diseases in humans and animals. Influenza viruses evolve rapidly through antigenic …
lethal diseases in humans and animals. Influenza viruses evolve rapidly through antigenic …
Evolution of influenza viruses—drug resistance, treatment options, and prospects
JM Smyk, N Szydłowska, W Szulc… - International Journal of …, 2022 - mdpi.com
Viral evolution refers to the genetic changes that a virus accumulates during its lifetime
which can arise from adaptations in response to environmental changes or the immune …
which can arise from adaptations in response to environmental changes or the immune …
Mitigating future respiratory virus pandemics: new threats and approaches to consider
Despite many recent efforts to predict and control emerging infectious disease threats to
humans, we failed to anticipate the zoonotic viruses which led to pandemics in 2009 and …
humans, we failed to anticipate the zoonotic viruses which led to pandemics in 2009 and …
Avian influenza A (H5N1) virus in dairy cattle: origin, evolution, and cross-species transmission
Since the emergence of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 of clade 2.3.
4.4 b as a novel reassortant virus from subtype H5N8, the virus has led to a massive number …
4.4 b as a novel reassortant virus from subtype H5N8, the virus has led to a massive number …
Influenza A, influenza B, and SARS-CoV-2 similarities and differences–a focus on diagnosis
A Havasi, S Visan, C Cainap, SS Cainap… - Frontiers in …, 2022 - frontiersin.org
In late December 2019, the first cases of viral pneumonia caused by an unidentified
pathogen were reported in China. Two years later, SARS-CoV-2 was responsible for almost …
pathogen were reported in China. Two years later, SARS-CoV-2 was responsible for almost …
Diverse roles of lung macrophages in the immune response to influenza A virus
H Li, A Wang, Y Zhang, F Wei - Frontiers in Microbiology, 2023 - frontiersin.org
Influenza viruses are one of the major causes of human respiratory infections and the newly
emerging and re-emerging strains of influenza virus are the cause of seasonal epidemics …
emerging and re-emerging strains of influenza virus are the cause of seasonal epidemics …
Influenza D virus exposure among US cattle workers: A call for surveillance
Although cattle are a reservoir for influenza D virus (IDV), little is known about human
exposure to IDV. We assessed IDV exposure and associated health effects among United …
exposure to IDV. We assessed IDV exposure and associated health effects among United …
Comparing influenza virus biology for understanding influenza d virus
RM Skelton, VC Huber - Viruses, 2022 - mdpi.com
The newest type of influenza virus, influenza D virus (IDV), was isolated in 2011. IDV
circulates in several animal species worldwide, causing mild respiratory illness in its natural …
circulates in several animal species worldwide, causing mild respiratory illness in its natural …
Recent strains of influenza D virus create a new genetic cluster for European strains
Bovine respiratory diseases (BRD) are one of the significant health problems for cattle
breeding industry. Influenza D virus (IDV) alone or in combination with other respiratory …
breeding industry. Influenza D virus (IDV) alone or in combination with other respiratory …