Contaminants such as petroleum hydrocarbons, heavy metals and pesticides can cause
direct toxic effects when released into aquatic environments. Sensitive species may be …

Despite the importance of consumers in structuring communities, and the widespread
assumption that consumption is strongest at low latitudes, empirical tests for global scale …

Humans are altering the composition of biological communities through a variety of activities
that increase rates of species invasions and species extinctions, at all scales, from local to …

Structural complexity provided by the living coral reef framework is the basis of the rich and
dynamic biodiversity in coral reefs. In many cases today, the reduction in habitat complexity …

Proposed links between biodiversity and ecosystem processes have generated intense
interest and controversy in recent years. With few exceptions, however, empirical studies …

Identifying the type and strength of interactions between local anthropogenic and other
stressors can help to set achievable management targets for degraded marine ecosystems …

Temperature has strong, predictable effects on metabolism. Through this mechanism,
environmental temperature affects individuals and populations of poikilotherms by …

“[F] or most of the past 50 My, Caribbean seagrass communities have had to withstand
heavy, sustained grazing pressure from several sympatric lineages of large mammalian …

High plant species richness can enhance primary production, animal diversity, and invasion
resistance. Yet theory predicts that plant and herbivore diversity, which often covary in …

The ecological interactions of brown algae are important as these macroalgae are common
and often keystone members in many benthic marine communities. This review highlights …