Nonexcavators (secondary hole-nesters) are birds that critically depend on holes for nesting
and roosting; the absence of holes renders habitat uninhabitable to them. In man-managed …

Nest-holes created by woodpeckers or natural decay processes are an essential commodity
for secondary hole-nesting species. Hole-making agents may strongly influence the richness …

The mixed forests of interior British Columbia, Canada, support a rich community of cavity
nesters, accounting for about one-third of forest vertebrate species. For 20 cavity-nesting …

Construction behaviour occurs across the entire spectrum of the animal kingdom and affects
the survival of both builders and other organisms associated with them. Animal Architecture …

The formation of tree holes consists of the destruction and loss of wood, a result that can be
achieved with a multitude of physical, chemical or biological agents. Given enough time …

There is a large and growing number of alien species in ecosystems all over the world. In
view of this, management efforts should concentrate on invasives that have detrimental …

Assumptions that populations of cavity‐nesting birds are limited by access to nest sites have
largely been based on anecdotal reports or correlative data. Nest‐box‐addition experiments …

Research on the costs of nest reuse is central to understanding the population ecology and
evolution of cavity-nesting birds. We explored the consequences of nest reuse by offering …

To date, most studies of nest site selection have failed to take into account more than one
source of nest loss (or have combined all sources in one analysis) when examining nest site …

Recently burned forests in western North America provide nesting habitat for many species
of cavity-nesting birds. However, little is understood about the time frame and the variables …