Outer protective barriers of animals use a variety of bio‐polymers, based on either proteins
(eg collagens), or modified sugars (eg chitin). Plants, however, have come up with a …

Fatty acids and lipids, which are major and essential constituents of all plant cells, not only
provide structural integrity and energy for various metabolic processes but can also function …

Plant salt-stress response involves complex physiological processes. Previous studies have
shown that some factors promote salt tolerance only under high transpiring condition, thus …

Similar to other complex organisms, plants consist of diverse and specialized cell types. The
gain of unique biological functions of these different cell types is the consequence of the …

Single-cell transcriptome profiling of heterogeneous tissues can provide high-resolution
windows into developmental dynamics and environmental responses, but its application to …

Higher plant function is contingent upon the complex three‐dimensional (3D) architecture of
plant tissues, yet severe light scattering renders deep, 3D tissue imaging very problematic …

Plant roots forage the soil for minerals whose concentrations can be orders of magnitude
away from those required for plant cell function. Selective uptake in multicellular organisms …

Plant roots integrate environmental signals with development using exquisite spatiotemporal
control. This is apparent in the deposition of suberin, an apoplastic diffusion barrier, which …

Mature seeds are an ultimate physiological status that enables plants to endure extreme
conditions such as high and low temperature, freezing and desiccation. Seed longevity, the …

Acyl lipids in Arabidopsis and all other plants have a myriad of diverse functions. These
include providing the core diffusion barrier of the membranes that separates cells and …