This book argues that a plausible account of emergence requires replacing the traditional
assumption that what primarily exists are particular entities with generic processes …

Nearly 100 years ago, Alfred Lotka published two short but insightful papers describing how
ecosystems may organize. Principally, Lotka argued that ecosystems will grow in size and …

Many attempts have been made to develop a general principle governing how systems
develop and organize in ecology. We reviewed the historical developments that led to the …

Although microbial systems are well suited for studying concepts in ecological theory, little is
known about how microbial communities respond to long-term periodic perturbations …

Determining how microbial communities organize and function at the ecosystem level is
essential to understanding and predicting how they will respond to environmental change …

Microbes are often functionally characterized by traits that specify their optimum
environmental conditions for growth, such as temperature or pH, as well as upper and lower …

We develop a trait-based model founded on the hypothesis that biological systems evolve
and organize to maximize entropy production by dissipating chemical and electromagnetic …

This chapter focuses on some of the challenges arising in the modeling of microbially‐driven
systems. Building on a brief discussion of common modeling approaches, it discusses the …

This Supplementary Material Section describes in some detail the vertical 1D transport
model, and its calibration, used to model Siders Pond (Sections 2.1-2.6), the metabolic …

At pond bottom:(− 𝐷 (𝑥) 𝐴 (𝑥)𝜕 𝐜 (𝑡, 𝑥)𝜕 𝑥+ 𝑞 (𝑥) 𝐜 (𝑡, 𝑥)) 𝑥= 𝑑= 𝑞 (𝑑) 𝐜𝐵(3) where 𝐜
(𝑡, 𝑥) is a state vector of concentration variables (mmol m-3) at time 𝑡 and depth 𝑥, and …