Water pum** systems are crucial for extracting water from deep wells. However, electricity
shortages and high fuel prices significantly impact the efficiency and reliability of these …

The emission of hybrid electric vehicles deteriorates during cold start, and it is a cost-
effective method to reduce pollutant emissions during cold start of hybrid electric vehicles …

Heat transfer regulation between engine components has a direct impact on engine
efficiency and performance. Improving engine system efficiency, reducing emissions, and …

Over the past years, several efforts have been made to reduce greenhouse gas emissions
coming from the transport sector. Due to the highly efficient CO2-free combustion and low …

Engine development needs to reduce costs and time. As the current main development
methods, 1D simulation has the limitations of low accuracy, and 3D simulation is a long, time …

In the current study, we examined the impact of spark duration strategy on a large bore
compression ignition engine fueled with propane direct injection. An artificial neural network …

Over time, machine learning methods have developed, but there have not been many
studies comparing how well they predict ignition delays. In this study, a model that forecasts …

Abstract Machine learning (ML) techniques are increasingly spreading in the automotive
area. The advantage of using data-based algorithms is evidenced in the study of complex …

In response to increasingly stringent emissions regulations and the depletion of
conventional fuel sources, integrating carbon-free fuels into the transport sector has become …

Internal combustion engines (ICEs) have long been essential in both the transportation and
industrial sectors, providing primary power for vehicles, ships, and machines globally …