Background The rate of an unintentional drug overdose involving prescription opioids
continues to rise. An understanding of the threshold dose and dose (s) associated with …

Objective This review systematically identified studies that estimated the prevalence of
prescription opioid use in Australia, assessed the prevalence estimates for bias and …

Background Prescription opioid (PO) overdose deaths increased sharply over the last
decade. Changes in PO deaths in combination with other psychoactive substances may …

Background: Levels of prescription opioid (PO) dispensing have been rising in Canada–also
in global comparison–since the mid-2000s, and are co-occurring with extensive PO-related …

Background Given the controversy around the effectiveness of opioid treatment for chronic
pain and the lack of detailed guidance for prescribing opioids in older adults, the objectives …

Introduction In the late 1990s multiple physicians and advocacy organizations promoted
increased use of opioids for the treatment of acute, chronic and cancer pain. There has been …

There are parallels between the North American experience of escalating pharmaceutical
opioid utilisation and harm and the trends being observed in Australia. In Australia, opioid …

Background Opioid optimisation is a global issue in Chronic Non-malignant Pain (CNMP)
management. Objective This systematic review aims to assess the effectiveness of …

In 2018 the Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists (ANZCA) and its Faculty of
Pain Medicine (FPM) released a Position statement on the use of slow-release opioid …

Introduction: Tramadol is a synthetic opioid which is commonly used around the world to
relieve moderate to severe pain. One of the serious possible complications of its use is …