Mutations of the retinoblastoma tumour suppressor gene (RB1) or components regulating
the RB pathway have been identified in almost every human malignancy. The E2F …

In endoreplication cell cycles, known as endocycles, cells successively replicate their
genomes without segregating chromosomes during mitosis and thereby become polyploid …

Polyploid cells, which contain multiple copies of the typically diploid genome, are
widespread in plants and animals. Polyploidization can be developmentally programmed or …

Since the discovery of the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene (RB1) decades ago, RB1 has
been regarded as a prototype tumor suppressor gene providing a paradigm for tumor …

The placenta provides critical transport functions between the maternal and fetal circulations
during intrauterine development. Formation of this interface relies on coordinated …

Loss of RB1 gene is considered either a causal or an accelerating event in retinoblastoma.
A variety of mechanisms inactivates RB1 gene, including intragenic mutations, loss of …

Inactivation of the retinoblastoma (RB1) tumor suppressor is one of the most frequent and
early recognized molecular hallmarks of cancer. RB1, although mainly studied for its role in …

The RB1 gene is the first tumor suppressor gene identified whose mutational inactivation is
the cause of a human cancer, the pediatric cancer retinoblastoma. The 25 years of research …

Introduction• Embryonic origin of cancer‐Early embryo development and tumourigenesis•
Similarity in cell invasive behaviours• Similarity in epigenetic regulation• Similarity in gene …

Developmentally programmed polyploidy occurs by at least four different mechanisms, two
of which (endoreduplication and endomitosis) involve switching from mitotic cell cycles to …