Antibiotic-mediated perturbation of the gut microbiome is associated with numerous
infectious and autoimmune diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Yet, as the gut microbiome …

Persisters refer to genetically drug susceptible quiescent (non-growing or slow growing)
bacteria that survive in stress environments such as antibiotic exposure, acidic and …

Infections caused by antibiotic‐resistant bacteria are a major public health threat. The
emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment or clinical …

Bacteriophages (phages) are often described as obligate predators of their bacterial hosts,
and phage predation is one of the leading forces controlling the density and distribution of …

Industrialization has impacted the human gut ecosystem, resulting in altered microbiome
composition and diversity. Whether bacterial genomes may also adapt to the …

From asthma and heart disease to diabetes and obesity, the human microbiome plays a role
in the pathogenesis of each chronic health condition plaguing today's society. Recent work …

Antimicrobial resistance poses a substantial threat to human health. The gut microbiome is
considered a reservoir for potential spread of resistance genes from commensals to …

Horizontal gene transfer is an important evolutionary force, facilitating bacterial diversity. It is
thought to be pervasive in host-associated microbiomes, where bacterial densities are high …

Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) carrying antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) disseminate
ARGs when they mobilise into new bacterial hosts. The nature of such horizontal gene …

Throughout the past century, we have seen the emergence of a large number of
multifactorial diseases, including inflammatory, autoimmune, metabolic, neoplastic and …