The brain possesses two intricate mechanisms that fulfill its continuous metabolic needs:
cerebral autoregulation, which ensures constant cerebral blood flow over a wide range of …

Convergent advances in optical imaging and genetic engineering have fueled the
development of new technologies for biological visualization. Those technologies include …

INTRODUCTION Neuromodulators, such as dopamine, norepinephrine, or serotonin, exert
powerful control over neural circuit dynamics that give rise to diverse neural function and …

Genetically encoded dopamine sensors based on green fluorescent protein (GFP) enable
high-resolution imaging of dopamine dynamics in behaving animals. However, these GFP …

How brains are hardwired to produce aggressive behavior, and how aggression circuits are
related to those that mediate courtship, is not well understood. A large-scale screen for …

The goal of this work is to determine how GCaMP6m's fluorescence is altered in response to
Ca2+-binding. Our detailed spectroscopic study reveals the simplest explanation for how …

Reversibly photo-switchable proteins are essential for many super-resolution fluorescence
microscopic and optoacoustic imaging methods. However, they have yet to be used as …

Molecular fluorescent indicators are versatile tools for dynamic imaging of biological
systems. We now report a class of indicators that are based on the chemigenetic …

Microglia may only represent 10% of central nervous system (CNS) cells but they perform
critical roles in development, homeostasis and neurological disease. Microglia are also …

Redox reactions are of high fundamental and practical interest since they are involved in
both normal physiology and the pathogenesis of various diseases. However, this area of …