Confined fluids and electrolyte solutions in nanopores exhibit rich and surprising physics
and chemistry that impact the mass transport and energy efficiency in many important …

Water scarcity is one of the greatest societal challenges facing humanity. Reverse osmosis
(RO) desalination, a widely used membrane-based technology, has proven to be effective to …

Membrane desalination is a promising technology for addressing the global challenge of
water scarcity by augmenting fresh water supply. Continuous progress in this technology …

The separation properties of polyamide reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes,
widely applied for desalination and water reuse, are constrained by the permeability …

Empirical discovery, four decades ago, of polyamide membranes made by interfacial
polymerization revolutionized large-scale desalination and has made desalinated water …

Biological membranes can achieve remarkably high permeabilities, while maintaining ideal
selectivities, by relying on well-defined internal nanoscale structures in the form of …

This review highlights recent efforts on applying electron microscopy (EM) to soft (including
biological) nanomaterials. We will show how developments of both the hardware and …

Separating low/high-valent ions with sub-nanometer sizes is a crucial yet challenging task in
various areas (eg, within environmental, healthcare, chemical, and energy engineering) …

Transport of water, solutes, and contaminants through a thin film composite (TFC)
membrane is governed by the intrinsic structure of its polyamide separation layer. In this …

Tailored design of high-performance nanofiltration (NF) membranes is desirable because
the requirements for membrane performance, particularly ion/salt rejection and selectivity …