Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), a category of transmembrane receptors, have gained
significant clinical attention in oncology due to their central role in cancer pathogenesis …

Craniofacial anomalies, and in particular cleft lip and palate, are major human birth defects
with a worldwide frequency of 1 in 700 and substantial clinical impact. A wide range of …

Background: Ror2 is an orphan receptor, belonging to the Ror family of receptor tyrosine
kinases. Although Ror2 has been shown to play crucial roles in developmental …

The cadherin superfamily plays key roles in intercellular adhesion. An emerging intercellular
adhesion system, consisting of nectin and afadin, also has roles in organization of a variety …

Wnts are secreted proteins that are essential for a wide array of developmental and
physiological processes. They signal across the plasma membrane by interacting with …

The control of cell movement during development is essential for forming and stabilizing the
spatial organization of tissues and cell types. During initial steps of tissue patterning, distinct …

The Ryk receptor belongs to the atypical receptor tyrosine kinase family. It is a new member
of the family of Wnt receptor proteins. However, the molecular mechanisms by which the Ryk …

The head is anatomically the most sophisticated part of the body and its evolution was
fundamental to the origin of vertebrates; understanding its development is a formidable …

Gain of function mutations in fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptors cause
chondrodysplasia and craniosynostosis syndromes. The ligands interacting with FGF …

The Eph receptors comprise the largest group of receptor tyrosine kinases and are found in
a wide variety of cell types in develo** and mature tissues. Their ligands are the ephrins, a …