The molecular features that define clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) initiation and
progression are being increasingly defined. The TRACERx Renal studies and others that …

Ubiquitination, an important type of protein posttranslational modification (PTM), plays a
crucial role in controlling substrate degradation and subsequently mediates the “quantity” …

The Ser and Thr kinase AKT, also known as protein kinase B (PKB), was discovered 25
years ago and has been the focus of tens of thousands of studies in diverse fields of biology …

Diminished oxygen availability, termed hypoxia, within solid tumors is one of the most
common characteristics of cancer. Hypoxia shapes the landscape of the tumor …

Germline loss-of-function mutations of the VHL tumor suppressor gene cause von Hippel–
Lindau disease, which is associated with an increased risk of hemangioblastomas, clear cell …

Molecular alterations involving the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway (including mutation, copy
number, protein, or RNA) were examined across 11,219 human cancers representing 32 …

The prolyl hydroxylation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) mediated by the EGLN–
pVHL pathway represents a classic signalling mechanism that mediates cellular adaptation …

Growth factor signaling plays a pivotal role in diverse biological functions, such as cell
growth, apoptosis, senescence, and migration and its deregulation has been linked to …

Copper plays pivotal roles in metabolic homoeostasis, but its potential role in human
tumorigenesis is not well defined. Here, it is revealed that copper activates the …

The EGLN (also called PHD) prolyl hydroxylase enzymes and their canonical targets, the
HIFα subunits, represent the core of an ancient oxygen-monitoring machinery used by …