Trees provide shade, absorb and reflect solar radiation, and regulate air temperature and
humidity through transpiration. Integrating these regulatory mechanisms into numerical …

The negative climate change induced by rapid urbanization has become a global
environmental issue. Numerous studies have been devoted to microclimate regulation …

Planting trees is considered to relieve the thermal load. However, trees may" pollute" the air
quality. Tree net effects should receive more attention, but only a few studies have …

Trees can effectively regulate the urban microclimate, while the change of microclimate
conditions in turn affect the physiological state of trees. In this paper, CFD simulations are …

Conditions for trees are challenging in urban areas with a high degree of soil sealing
combined with changing climatic conditions. Stress is a primary mortality factor, especially …

Previousstudies on the cooling of urban vegetation mainly focused on its transpiration or
shading effect separately, neglecting to explore the combined evapotranspiration-shading …

The urban heat island effect (UHI) has been widely observed globally, causing climate,
health, and energy impacts in cities. The UHI intensities have been found to largely depend …

Urban vegetation is an important factor for urban heat island mitigation, which also
contributes to indoor cooling energy reduction. In this study, a one-way coupled simulation …

Large-eddy simulation (LES) is used to systematically analyse the impacts of trees on air
quality in idealised street canyons. The LES tree model includes radiation, transpiration …

Urban trees contribute to summer cooling by offering solar shading and evapotranspiration.
But their relative significance is still unclear due to the challenges in directly measuring tree …