The question as to why primates have evolved unusually large brains has received much
attention, with many alternative proposals all supported by evidence. We review the main …

The cerebral cortex is at the core of brain functions that are thought to be particularly
developed in the human species. Human cortex specificities stem from divergent features of …

Comparative analysis of primate genomes within a phylogenetic context is essential for
understanding the evolution of human genetic architecture and primate diversity. We present …

Brain size variation in mammals correlates with life histories: larger-brained species have
longer gestations, mature later, and have increased lifespans. These patterns have been …

Our core hypothesis is that the emergence of our species-specific language-ready brain
ought to be understood in light of the developmental changes expressed at the levels of …

The biological mechanisms that underpin primate social evolution remain poorly
understood. Asian colobines display a range of social organizations, which makes them …

Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH;“small head syndrome”) is a rare,
heterogeneous disease arising from the decreased production of neurons during brain …

Comparative studies of great apes provide a window into our evolutionary past, but the
extent and identity of cellular differences that emerged during hominin evolution remain …

Phenotypic traits are products of two processes: evolution and development. But how do
these processes combine to produce integrated phenotypes? Comparative studies identify …

The study of information-processing adaptations in the brain is controversial, in part because
of disputes about the form such adaptations might take. Many psychologists assume that …