The topography of Earth is primarily controlled by lateral differences in the density structure
of the crust and lithosphere. In addition to this isostatic topography, flow in the mantle …

A 617 site palaeobotanical dataset for the Mid to Late Miocene is presented. This dataset is
internally consistent and provides a comprehensive overview of vegetational change from …

The Earth's crustal stress field controls active deformation and reflects the processes driving
plate tectonics. Here we present the first quantitative synthesis of relative principal stress …

The mid-Piacenzian is known as a period of relative warmth when compared to the present
day. A comprehensive understanding of conditions during the Piacenzian serves as both a …

The Colorado plateau is a large, tectonically intact, physiographic province in the
southwestern North American Cordillera that stands at∼ 1,800–2,000 m elevation and has …

Plate tectonic theory suggests that present-day topography can be explained by the
repeated interactions between the tectonic plates moving along Earth's surface. However …

The Cenozoic landscape evolution in southwestern North America is ascribed to crustal
isostasy, dynamic topography, or lithosphere tectonics, but their relative contributions remain …

Sedimentary rocks from Virginia through Florida record marine flooding during the mid-
Pliocene. Several wave-cut scarps that at the time of deposition would have been horizontal …

The correspondence between seismic velocity anomalies in the crust and mantle and the
differential incision of the continental-scale Colorado River system suggests that significant …

Dynamic topography is commonly understood to be deflection of the Earth's surface that
results from convection of the mantle. Because different authors use the words “dynamic …