The aim of this narrative review is to consolidate knowledge on the role of the hypothalamic-
pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in depression pathophysiology at different reproductive stages …

Emerging evidence from the preclinical and human research suggests sex differences in
response to different types of stress exposure, and that developmental timing, reproductive …

Objectives During the perinatal period, 10–20% of women experience anxiety and/or
depression. Untreated perinatal depression has the potential for adverse effects on the …

Abstract PAWLUSKI, JL, Hoekzema, E., Leuner, B., and Lonstein, JS Less can be more: Fine
tuning the maternal brain. NEUROSCI BIOBEHAV REV (129) XXX-XXX, 2022. Plasticity in …

Background Stress before conception and during pregnancy is associated with less
favorable maternal and child health. Alterations in prenatal cortisol levels may serve as a …

Research shows that a woman's brain and body undergo drastic changes to support her
transition to parenthood during the perinatal period. The presence of this plasticity suggests …

Important sex-related differences have been observed in the onset, prevalence, and clinical
phenotype of depression, based on several epidemiological studies. Social, behavioural …

The pandemic, and the associated changes to pregnancy and postpartum experiences, can
lead to profound psychological reactions including panic, hyperarousal, sleep disturbance …

Postpartum depression (PPD) occurs frequently among postpartum women. Stressful life
events (SLE) have gradually been recognized as risk factors for PPD. However, research on …

Background Pregnant people are widely exposed to numerous synthetic chemicals with
known endocrine-disrupting properties (eg, phthalates, phenols, per-and poly-fluoroalkyl …