Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) biomineralizing organisms have played major roles in the
history of life and the global carbon cycle during the past 541 Ma. Both marine diversification …

Carbonate minerals contain stable isotopes of carbon and oxygen with different masses
whose abundances and bond arrangement are governed by thermodynamics. The clumped …

Increased use and improved methodology of carbonate clumped isotope thermometry has
greatly enhanced our ability to interrogate a suite of Earth‐system processes. However …

The clumped isotopic composition of carbonate‐derived CO2 (denoted Δ47) is a function of
carbonate formation temperature and in natural samples can act as a recorder of …

The nine editions of Stable Isotope Geochemistry have appeared over a time span of nearly
50 years. The first edition (1973) appeared as a slim book of 135 pages. Due to the rapid …

The early Eocene (56 to 48 million years ago) is inferred to have been the most recent time
that Earth's atmospheric CO 2 concentrations exceeded 1000 ppm. Global mean …

Surface temperature is a fundamental parameter of Earth's climate. Its evolution through time
is commonly reconstructed using the oxygen isotope and the clumped isotope compositions …

The carbonate clumped isotope thermometer is a powerful tool in paleoclimate research,
because it constrains carbonate formation temperature based on the extent of 13 C and 18 …

Rationale Clumped isotope analyses (Δ47) of carbonates by dual inlet (DI) mass
spectrometry require long integration times to reach the necessary high precision due to the …

The stable (δ 18 O and δ 13 C) and clumped (Δ 47) isotope compositions of coral carbonate
are valuable archives for paleoclimate reconstructions. However, the Δ 47-temperature …