Energy from renewable resources is central to environmental sustainability. Among the
renewables, sunlight-driven fuel synthesis is a sustainable and economical approach to …

Lignin is one of the most abundant natural polymers and is affordable, has high carbon
content and abundant active functional groups. At present, lignin-derived carbon is …

Vanillin is one of the world's most extensively used flavoring compounds. Plant-based
vanillin can no longer meet the annual global demand for bio-vanillin, thus chemical …

Lignin, the most abundant renewable aromatic compound in nature, is an excellent
feedstock for value-added bioproducts manufacturing; while the intrinsic heterogeneity and …

Lignin, the largest renewable aromatic resource, is a promising alternative feedstock for the
sustainable production of various chemicals, fuels, and materials. Despite this potential …

Traditionally, phenols used to prepare phenol‐formaldehyde (PF) resin adhesives are
obtained from phenolic compounds and various chemicals, which are extracted from …

Millions of tons of agricultural waste are generated annually. The disposal and management
of these wastes remain a source of legitimate concerns for environmentalists, governments …

Lignin modifying enzymes from fungi and bacteria are potential biocatalysts for sustainable
mitigation of different potentially toxic pollutants in wastewater. Notably, the paper and pulp …

Biological lignin valorization has emerged as a major solution for sustainable and cost-
effective biorefineries. However, current biorefineries yield lignin with inadequate …

Effective pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) is one of the most important steps in
biorefinery, ensuring the quality and commercial viability of the overall bioprocess. Lignin …