Recently, the production of new photocatalytic materials has attracted considerable attention
as a promising strategy to mitigate anthropogenic environmental degradation. In this study …

Carbon steels are generally used to a reinforcement in the concrete constructions, such as
bridges, piling, etc. These constructions are not a bit placed in the coastal areas, especially …

By the carbonation process concrete construction absorbs carbon dioxide from surrounding
environment. This absorbed carbon dioxide reacts with the calcium oxide, which is already …

Curing is the process of maintaining an adequate water cement ratio and temperature in
concrete from the time the concrete is poured, and until the concrete has met the specified …