BACKGROUND: It remains unclear to what extent intravenous lidocaine prevents cough and
whether there is dose-responsiveness and risk of harm. METHODS: We searched electronic …

Diabetes mellitus is a syndrome that is characterized by hyperglycemia, change in the
metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins, and in the long term, with eye, kidney …

IMPLICATIONS: Slow injection, particularly at 30 s, minimizes the incidence of fentanyl-
induced cough, and light smoking provides a protective effect against cough. Because it …

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of low-dose ketamine on fentanyl-induced
cough. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial …

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of diluting fentanyl 50 μg. ml− 1 to 25 or 10
μg. ml− 1 with 0.9% saline and prolonged injection time on fentanyl‐induced cough. Two …

Background Opioid-induced cough during induction of general anesthesia is a common
phenomenon. Dezocine, a partial μ-receptors agonist and κ-receptors antagonist, has been …

Background: A reflex cough is often observed after an intravenous bolus of fentanyl. This
study was conducted to determine whether pre‐treatment with intravenous clonidine could …

Objectives. The incidence of fentanyl-induced cough (FIC) during induction of general
anesthesia varies around 40% and is undesirable. It increases intracranial, intraocular, and …

Background Preinduction iv fentanyl bolus is associated with coughing in 28–65% of
patients. Fentanyl-induced coughing (FIC) is not always benign and can be remarkably …

Purpose We aimed to investigate the effects of pretreatment with a small dose of
dexmedetomidine on the cough caused by sufentanil during anesthetic induction. Methods …