Rapid Arctic environmental change affects the entire Earth system as thawing permafrost
ecosystems release greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. Understanding how much …

Understanding and quantifying the global methane (CH 4) budget is important for assessing
realistic pathways to mitigate climate change. Atmospheric emissions and concentrations of …

Short‑lived climate forcers (SLCFs) affect climate and are, in most cases, also air pollutants.
They include aerosols (sulphate, nitrate, ammonium, carbonaceous aerosols, mineral dust …

Atmospheric methane is a potent greenhouse gas that plays a major role in controlling the
Earth's climate. The causes of the renewed increase of methane concentration since 2007 …

The Paris Agreement's goal of limiting the increase in global temperature to 1.5° or 2° C
above preindustrial levels requires rapid reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. Although …

Climate policy has thus far focused solely on carbon stocks and sequestration to evaluate
the potential of forests to mitigate global warming. These factors are used to assess the …

Anthropogenic increases in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations are the main driver
of current and future climate change. The integrated assessment community has quantified …

1. Methods We use the same data and approaches to estimate CH 4 emissions as in
Saunois et al (2020). One approach we use is a top-down (TD) ensemble of 11 inversions …

This chapter assesses the state of physical, biological and social knowledge concerning the
Arctic and Antarctic ocean and cryosphere, how they are affected by climate change, and …

Abstract The Canadian Earth System Model version 5 (CanESM5) is a global model
developed to simulate historical climate change and variability, to make centennial-scale …