The formation of new blood vessels, or angiogenesis, is a complex process that plays
important roles in growth and development, tissue and organ regeneration, as well as …

The chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) is a simple, highly vascularized
extraembryonic membrane, which performs multiple functions during embryonic …

Recent advances in 3D bioprinting allow for generating intricate structures with dimensions
relevant for human tissue, but suitable bioinks for producing translationally relevant tissue …

Osteocalcin (OC) is a non‐collagenous, vitamin K‐dependent protein secreted in the late
stage of osteoblasts differentiation. The presence of the three residues of γ …

Long-term function of three-dimensional (3D) tissue constructs depends on adequate
vascularization after implantation. Accordingly, research in tissue engineering has focused …

Angiogenesis or formation of new blood vessels from preexisting vasculature is a key
process in some physiological conditions such as wound healing, growth, and action of …

Intussusception (growth within itself) is an alternative to the sprouting mode of angiogenesis.
The protrusion of opposing microvascular walls into the capillary lumen creates a contact …

Mammalian models are frequently used for preclinical evaluation of new drug delivery
systems (DDS). However, valid mammalian models are expensive, time-consuming, and not …

The construction of tissue-engineered devices for medical applications is now possible in
vitro using cell culture and bioreactors. Although methods of incorporating them back into …

A variety of in vivo experimental models have been established for the studies of human
cancer using both cancer cell lines and patient-derived xenografts (PDXs). In order to meet …