Abstract Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have attracted various academic researchers,
engineers, science, and technology communities. This attraction is due to their broad …

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a group of small power-constrained nodes that sense
data and communicate it to the base station (BS). These nodes cover a vast region of …

Wireless sensor network (WSN) systems are typically composed of thousands of sensors
that are powered by limited energy resources. To extend the networks longevity, clustering …

Latest advancements in micro-electro-mechanical-system (MEMS) and wireless
communication technology, opens the way for the growth in applications of wireless sensor …

Over the past few decades, one of the important advancements in wireless communication is
low cost and limited power devices known as wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Sensor …

Hierarchical routing in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is a very important topic that has
been attracting the research community in the last decade. Typical hierarchical routing is …

Recently, the population density in cities has increased at a higher pace, so waste
generation is on the rise in most societies due to population growth. Given this concern, it …

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) form an important part of industrial application. There has
been growing interest in the potential use of WSNs in applications such as environment …

Due to the high-energy efficiency and scalability, the clustering routing algorithm has been
widely used in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In order to gather information more …

In the past two decades, network clustering has been proven as efficient approach for data
collection and routing in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). It provides several advantages …