This review paper discusses the complete evolution of free-space optical (FSO)
communication, also known as unguided optical communication (UOC) technologies, all the …

Abstract Recently, light fidelity (Li-Fi) technology becomes important for rapid data
transmission in the network. Integration of different communication technologies can be …

In this article, downlink multitier visible light communication (VLC) networks in the Industrial
Internet of Things (IIoT) are studied in terms of outage probability and achievable rate. The …

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) has been introduced into wireless communication to
improve physical layer security (PLS) due to its ability of reconfiguring propagation …

For future wireless networks, including 6G, the ability to accurately model and predict
network behaviour is essential for meeting stringent quality of service (QoS) requirements …

Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks have emerged as potential solutions to issues that cause
inefficient download times in networks because they can use the resources in the entire …

With the development of emerging information technology, the connotation and extension of
digital learning resources have been greatly expanded. The digital learning resource …