Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a group of polyhydroxylated plant steroid hormones that are
crucial for many aspects of a plant's life. BRs were originally characterized for their function …

Background Multicellular organisms have evolved systems/mechanisms to detect various
forms of danger, including attack by microbial pathogens and a variety of pests, as well as …

Plants are sessile organisms that are under constant attack from microbes. They rely on both
preformed defenses, and their innate immune system to ward of the microbial pathogens …

Microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) are molecular signatures typical of whole
classes of microbes, and their recognition plays a key role in innate immunity. Endogenous …

Abstract BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT 1 (BZR1), the critical regulator of brassinosteroid
(BR) response, participates in various BR-mediated developmental processes. However, the …

Brassinosteroid (BR) signal transduction research has progressed rapidly from the initial
discovery of the BR receptor to a complete definition of the basic molecular components …

UV-B radiation is a key environmental signal that initiates diverse responses in plants that
affect metabolism, development, and viability. Many effects of UV-B involve the differential …

In plant innate immunity, the first line of microbial recognition leading to active defence
responses relies on the perception of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by …

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are growth-promoting steroid hormones in plants. Genetic studies in
Arabidopsis illustrated the essential roles of BRs in a wide range of developmental …

Endogenous signalling peptides play diverse roles during plant growth, development and
stress responses. Research in recent years has unravelled peptides with previously known …