Candida albicans is a major fungal pathogen of humans. It exists as a commensal in the oral
cavity, gut or genital tract of most individuals, constrained by the local microbiota, epithelial …

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprised of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, is a
chronic relapsing inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract that closely related to …

Background/Aim. Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) are pivotal biomolecules in the immune system.
Today, we are all aware of the importance of TLRs in bridging innate and adaptive immune …

The widespread use of biomaterials to support or replace body parts is increasingly
threatened by the risk of implant‐associated infections. In the quest for finding novel anti …

Background & Aims Countries endemic for parasitic infestations have a lower incidence of
Crohn's disease (CD) than nonendemic countries, and there have been anecdotal reports of …

Nitric Oxide (NO) is a soluble endogenous gas with various biological functions like
signaling, and working as an effector molecule or metabolic regulator. In response to …

Sepsis remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with increased burden
in low-and middle-resource settings. The role of the inflammatory response in the …

Macrophages, the central mediators of innate immune responses, being in the first-line of
defense, they have to readily respond to pathogenic or tissue damage signals to initiate the …

Despite advances in critical care medicine, infection remains a significant problem that
continues to be complicated with the challenge of antibiotic resistance …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of proteins that recognize pathogen-associated
molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damaged-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and …