Executive summary The 2022 report of the Lancet Countdown is published as the world
confronts profound and concurrent systemic shocks. Countries and health systems continue …

Machine learning (ML) provides novel and powerful ways of accurately and efficiently
recognizing complex patterns, emulating nonlinear dynamics, and predicting the spatio …

The evaporative loss from global lakes (natural and artificial) is a critical component of the
terrestrial water and energy balance. However, the evaporation volume of these water …

Climate change is one of the most severe threats to global lake ecosystems. Lake surface
conditions, such as ice cover, surface temperature, evaporation and water level, respond …

One of the most important physical characteristics driving lifecycle events in lakes is
stratification. Already subtle variations in the timing of stratification onset and break-up …

Lake ecosystems, and the organisms that live within them, are vulnerable to temperature
change,,,–, including the increased occurrence of thermal extremes. However, very little is …

Abstract Based on the Baltic Earth Assessment Reports of this thematic issue in Earth
System Dynamics and recent peer-reviewed literature, current knowledge of the effects of …

Lake ecosystems are jeopardized by the impacts of climate change on ice seasonality and
water temperatures. Yet historical simulations have not been used to formally attribute …

Lake thermal dynamics have been considerably impacted by climate change, with potential
adverse effects on aquatic ecosystems. To better understand the potential impacts of future …

Climate change could seriously threaten global lake ecosystems by warming lake surface
water and increasing the occurrence of lake heatwaves. Yet, there are great uncertainties in …