Cells encode information in the sequence of biopolymers, such as nucleic acids, proteins,
and glycans. Although glycans are essential to all living organisms, surprisingly little is …

Many hydrogen-bonded liquids, molecular solids, and lowdimensional systems support
anomalous diffusion mechanisms of topological charge defects created by the addition or …

Understanding the energy it takes to build or break chemical bonds is essential for scientists
and engineers in a wide range of innovative fields, including catalysis, nanomaterials …

The ease with which the pH of water is measured obscures the fact that there is presently no
clear molecular description for the hydrated proton. The mid-infrared spectrum of bulk …

The use of mass spectrometry in macromolecular analysis is an incredibly important
technique and has allowed efficient identification of secondary and tertiary protein …

The low density of ions in mass spectrometers generally precludes direct infrared (IR)
absorption measurements. The IR spectrum of an ion can nonetheless be obtained by …

The ability to control ion temperatures is critical for gas phase spectroscopy and has been a
challenge in chemical physics. A low-temperature photoelectron spectroscopy instrument …

Recent advances in the gas phase vibrational spectroscopy of mass-selected ions are
described, highlighting experiments on hydrogen-bonded (HBed) clusters relevant to …

Multipole radiofrequency ion traps are a highly versatile tool to study molecular ions and
their interactions in a well-controllable environment. In particular the cryogenic 22-pole ion …

Tunable vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photoionization studies of water clusters are performed
using 10− 14 eV synchrotron radiation and analyzed by reflectron time-of-flight (TOF) mass …