The general secretory (Sec) pathway comprises an essential, ubiquitous and universal
export machinery for most proteins that integrate into, or translocate through, the plasma …

In Escherichia coli, proteins found in the periplasm or the outer membrane are exported from
the cytoplasm by the general secretory, Sec, system before they acquire stably folded …

Flavin and redox-active disulfide domains of ferredoxin-dependent flavin thioredoxin
reductase (FFTR) homodimers should pivot between flavin-oxidizing (FO) and flavin …

Candida albicans causes severe invasive candidiasis. C. albicans infection requires the
virulence factor candidalysin (CL) which damages target cell membranes. However, the …

Imaging by atomic force microscopy (AFM) offers high-resolution descriptions of many
biological systems; however, regardless of resolution, conclusions drawn from AFM images …

Pore-forming peptides with novel functions have potential utility in many biotechnological
applications. However, the sequence–structure–function relationships of pore forming …

Though ubiquitous in optical microscopy, glass has long been overlooked as a specimen
supporting surface for high resolution atomic force microscopy (AFM) investigations due to …

Protein translocation across the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane is an essential process
catalyzed predominantly by the Sec translocase. This system consists of the membrane …

We have established a reconstitution system for the translocon SecYEG in proteoliposomes
in which 55% of the accessible translocons are active. This level corresponds to the fraction …

The increasing ease of producing nucleic acids and proteins to specification offers potential
for design and fabrication of artificial synthetic “organisms” with a myriad of possible …