We analyze the economic consequences of rising health care prices in the US. Using
exposure to price increases caused by horizontal hospital mergers as an instrument, we …

ABSTRACT The United States spends twice as much per person on pharmaceuticals as
European countries, in large part because prices are much higher in the US. This fact has …

We study how firms target and influence expert intermediaries. In our context,
pharmaceutical manufacturers provide payments to physicians during promotional …

Importance Although manufacturer-sponsored coupons are commonly used, little is known
about how patients use them within a treatment episode. Objectives To examine when and …

Medicare Part D does not allow plans to exclude drugs in six protected classes from their
formularies, which may limit plans' ability to negotiate rebates and lead to higher spending …

The federal Anti-Kickback Statute prohibits biopharmaceutical manufacturers from directly
covering Medicare enrollees' out-of-pocket spending for the drugs they manufacture, but …

Empirical evidence has shown in many contexts that taxes levied against producers are
passed through to consumers in the form of higher prices. This dissertation asks whether a" …

Do pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs) reduce spending on prescription drugs? Reduced-
form evidence suggests that PBMs enforce a tradeoff between net-of-rebate prices and …

After a drug obtains marketing authorization, the usage depends on the regulation of off-
label prescriptions for unapproved indications. We investigate the impact of off-label …

Objectives This study aimed to characterize products using pharmacy-pharmacy benefit
manager (PBM) discounts and to estimate the association among such discounts …