In the following section, we will recapitulate selected experimental milestones through the
eyes of the theoretician, which, in our opinion, significantly advanced the field of covalent …

During the past decade, physical techniques such as optical tweezers and atomic force
microscopy were used to study the mechanical properties of DNA at the single-molecule …

We used a force-measuring laser tweezers apparatus to determine the elastic properties of λ-
bacteriophage DNA as a function of ionic strength and in the presence of multivalent cations …

Large differences between the DPP responses of ss-and dsDNAs (Figure 4B) suggest that
the double-helical structure of the dsDNA is not significantly disturbed at the DME surface …

Atomic force microscope–based single-molecule force spectroscopy was employed to
measure sequence-dependent mechanical properties of DNA by stretching individual DNA …

The DNA molecule, well known from biology for containing the genetic code of all living
species, has recently caught the attention of chemists and physicists. A major reason for this …

I review single-molecule experiments (SMEs) in biological physics. Recent technological
developments have provided the tools to design and build scientific instruments of high …

Using a modified atomic force microscope (AFM), individual double-stranded (ds) DNA
molecules attached to an AFM tip and a gold surface were overstretched, and the …

▪ Abstract Atomic force microscopy is an imaging tool used widely in fundamental research,
although it has, like other scanned probe microscopies, provided only limited information …

The importance of forces in biology has been recognized for quite a while but only in the
past decade have we acquired instrumentation and methodology to directly measure …