Biodiesel has the potential to significantly contribute to making transportation fuels more
sustainable. Due to the complexity and nonlinearity of processes for biodiesel production …

Diesel fuel exhibits high efficiency, durability, and profitability for combustion engines but
remains a major source of airborne pollutants, including particulate matter and nitrogen …

Nanofluids are described as a relatively new kind of colloidal solutions with a particle size
smaller than one billionth of a meter (1–100 nm) suspended in the base fluid so as to …

Direct injection diesel engines are more popular in the automotive sector than spark ignition
(SI) engines due to its fuel lean operation. However, the demand of fossil fuel is rising day by …

Sustainably produced biofuels, especially when they are derived from lignocellulosic
biomass, are being discussed intensively for future ground transportation. Traditionally …

Compared to conventional diesel fuel, use of biodiesel is generally found to reduce
emissions of hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and particulate matter (PM); but to …

Due to the shortage of the conventional fossil fuels and air pollution from combustion, new,
sustainable and cleaner fuel resources are urgently required. Biodiesel has been introduced …

Climate change is a worldwide concern due to unfavorable consequences on human health
and ecosystem quality. Accordingly, the world is looking for strategies to stop this destructive …

Increasing energy demand and environment concerns have prompted an evolution of
alternative fuel sources. As an alternative fuel source, biodiesel is attractive because it …

The call for the use of biofuels which is being made by most governments following
international energy policies is presently finding some resistance from car and components …