Metal ions are essential to many chemical, biological, and environmental processes. In the
past two decades, many DNA-based metal sensors have emerged. While the main …

The remarkable impact of mRNA vaccines on mitigating disease and improving public
health has been amply demonstrated during the COVID-19 pandemic. Many new mRNA …

Messenger RNA (mRNA) has broad potential for application in biological systems. However,
one fundamental limitation to its use is its relatively short half-life in biological systems. Here …

Therapeutic mRNAs and vaccines are being developed for a broad range of human
diseases, including COVID-19. However, their optimization is hindered by mRNA instability …

Functional nucleic acids (FNAs), including DNA aptamers and DNAzymes, are finding
increasing use as molecular recognition elements for point-of-care (POC) assays and …

All life that is known to exist on Earth today and all life for which there is evidence in the
geological record seems to be of the same form—one based on DNA genomes and protein …

Most biological catalysts are made of protein; however, eight classes of natural ribozymes
have been discovered that catalyse fundamental biochemical reactions. The central …

Riboswitches are complex folded RNA domains that serve as receptors for specific
metabolites. These domains are found in the non-coding portions of various mRNAs, where …

Riboswitches are structured domains that usually reside in the noncoding regions of
mRNAs, where they bind metabolites and control gene expression. Like their protein …

Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis has advanced conservation biology and biodiversity
management. However, accurate estimation of age and origin of eDNA is complicated by …