Carbon dioxide guidelines for indoor air quality: a review

MJ Mendell, W Chen, DR Ranasinghe… - Journal of Exposure …, 2024 - nature.com
Background The importance of building ventilation to protect health has been more widely
recognized since the COVID-19 pandemic. Outdoor air ventilation in buildings dilutes indoor …

The influence of displacement ventilation on indoor carbon dioxide exposure and ventilation efficiency in a living laboratory open-plan office

Y Lu, J Huang, DN Wagner, Z Lin, N Jung… - Building and …, 2024 - Elsevier
Good indoor air quality in office environments is essential for occupant health and
productivity. In open-plan offices, displacement ventilation has been recognized for its …

Impact of displacement ventilation and underfloor air distribution systems on concentrations of indoor particle in different seasons

L Li, C Yao, W Liu, Z Yin, W Huang, Y Yao… - Journal of Building …, 2024 - Elsevier
The particle motion in a room is affected by the thermal environment and the air supply
conditions caused by seasonal changes. In the study, a Lagrangian discrete trajectory …

Can the infection risk in elevators be negligible? A comparative study of airborne infection probability in elevators and conference rooms

X Li, L Zhu, N Zhang, J Liu, W Hua, W Dou, L Wei… - Energy and …, 2024 - Elsevier
People in crowded and poorly ventilated elevators are at risk of respiratory infection.
However, due to the short duration of the elevator ride, the transmission of respiratory …

Case studies using a simple airborne infection risk calculator to minimize COVID-19 infection risk: Common approaches and challenges

KL Linge, J Chen, A Mikszewski, G Buonanno… - Building and …, 2024 - Elsevier
Following the recognition of the role of airborne transmission in the spread of SARS-CoV-2,
the role of building ventilation in minimising indoor respiratory events has become of …

Implications of the spatiotemporal distribution of CO2 on indoor air quality: A field study with reduced-order modeling

V Bankapalli, NK Jha, J Dhariwal… - Building and …, 2025 - Elsevier
We conducted a field study to monitor CO₂ concentrations spatiotemporally in a lecture
theatre, to explore its implications for Indoor Air Quality (IAQ), particularly in relation to …

[HTML][HTML] Ventilation effectiveness and incomplete mixing in air distribution design for airborne transmission

M Kiil, A Mikola, KV Võsa, R Simson… - Building and Environment, 2025 - Elsevier
How ventilation should be arranged to be effective at reasonable air change rates is one key
question as ventilation criteria and standard airborne disease transmission models are …

A quanta-independent approach for the assessment of strategies to reduce the risk of airborne infection

A Aganovic, J Kurnitski, P Wargocki - Science of the Total Environment, 2024 - Elsevier
Abstract The Wells-Riley model is extensively used for retrospective and prospective
modelling of the risk of airborne transmission of infection in indoor spaces. It is also used …

Impact of room heat load on ventilation effectiveness and probability of transmission of airborne diseases on the example of chosen scenarios

W Cepiński, P Szałański, M Orłowska… - Journal of Building …, 2025 - Elsevier
Abstract The Wells-Riley model is commonly used to assess the probability of viral
transmission, taking into account various factors. One of these factors is the ventilation …

A New Tailored Approach to Calculate the Optimal Number of Outdoor Air Changes in School Building HVAC Systems in the Post-COVID-19 Era

D D'Agostino, M Di Mascolo, F Minelli, F Minichiello - Energies, 2024 - mdpi.com
Air conditioning systems can play a positive or negative role in the spread of COVID-19
infection. The importance of sufficient outdoor air changes in buildings was highlighted by …