Brominated flame retardants in the Arctic environment—trends and new candidates

CA de Wit, D Herzke, K Vorkamp - Science of the Total Environment, 2010 - Elsevier
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) containing two to 10 bromines are ubiquitous in
the Arctic, in both abiotic and biotic samples. Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) is also …

Hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) in the environment and humans: a review

A Covaci, AC Gerecke, RJ Law… - … science & technology, 2006 - ACS Publications
Hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) are brominated aliphatic cyclic hydrocarbons used as
flame retardants in thermal insulation building materials, upholstery textiles, and electronics …

Levels and trends of brominated flame retardants in the European environment

RJ Law, CR Allchin, J De Boer, A Covaci, D Herzke… - Chemosphere, 2006 - Elsevier
In this paper, we review those data which have recently become available for brominated
flame retardants (particularly the brominated diphenyl ethers (BDEs) and …

Alternate and new brominated flame retardants detected in US house dust

HM Stapleton, JG Allen, SM Kelly… - … science & technology, 2008 - ACS Publications
Due to the voluntary withdrawals and/or bans on the use of two polybrominated diphenyl
ether (PBDE) commercial mixtures, an increasing number of alternate flame retardant …

Tracing organophosphorus and brominated flame retardants and plasticizers in an estuarine food web

SH Brandsma, PEG Leonards, HA Leslie… - Science of the Total …, 2015 - Elsevier
Nine organophosphorus flame retardants (PFRs) were detected in a pelagic and benthic
food web of the Western Scheldt estuary, The Netherlands. Concentrations of several PFRs …

Levels and trends of brominated flame retardants in the Arctic

CA De Wit, M Alaee, DCG Muir - Chemosphere, 2006 - Elsevier
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) containing two to seven bromines are ubiquitous
in Arctic biotic and abiotic samples (from zooplankton to polar bears (Ursus maritimus) and …

A global review of polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardant contamination in birds

D Chen, RC Hale - Environment international, 2010 - Elsevier
As a consequence of substantial, long-term usage, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)
have contaminated humans, wildlife, and abiotic matrices around the world. Although …

Exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs): changes in thyroid, vitamin A, glutathione homeostasis, and oxidative stress in American kestrels (Falco …

KJ Fernie, JL Shutt, G Mayne, D Hoffman… - Toxicological …, 2005 - academic.oup.com
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), a class of additive flame retardants, are
temporally increasing in wildlife tissues and capable of disrupting normal endocrine …

Solar photodecomposition of decabromodiphenyl ether: products and quantum yield

J Bezares-Cruz, CT Jafvert, I Hua - Environmental Science & …, 2004 - ACS Publications
Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE209) is a widely used flame retardant, yet information
regarding its environmental transformation rates and pathways are largely unknown …

Anaerobic degradation of brominated flame retardants in sewage sludge

AC Gerecke, W Giger, PC Hartmann, NV Heeb… - Chemosphere, 2006 - Elsevier
Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD), and
decabromodiphenyl ether (DecaBDE) are high production volume chemicals used as flame …