We review the quantum interference effects in a system of interacting electrons confined to a
quantum dot. The review starts with a description of an isolated quantum dot. We discuss the …

Superconducting properties of metallic nanowires can be entirely different from those of bulk
superconductors because of the dominating role played by thermal and quantum …

The ongoing miniaturization of solid state devices often leads to the question:“How small
can we make resistors, transistors, etc., without changing the way they work?” The question …

Quantum tunneling of the superconducting order parameter gives rise to the phase slippage
process which controls the resistance of ultrathin superconducting wires at sufficiently low …

We develop a theory of the conductance of a quantum dot connected to two leads by single-
mode quantum point contacts. If the contacts are in the regime of perfect transmission, the …

It is of fundamental importance to establish whether there is a limit to how thin a
superconducting wire can be, while retaining its superconducting character—and if there is …

Tunnel junctions are not needed to provide single electron effects in a metallic island.
Eventually the tunnel junction may be replaced by an arbitrary scatterer. To formulate this in …

In 1909, Millikan showed that the charge of electrically isolated systems is quantized in units
of the elementary electron charge e. Today, the persistence of charge quantization in small …

In this survey we discuss the development of Ring Imaging Cherenkov (RICH) counters for
particle identification. Since 1977, it has been based on the use of gaseous photosensors in …

The evolution of the Coulomb blockade of conduction through a small 2D electron island of
large density of states, realized in a GaAs/Ga (Al) As heterojunction, is studied from the weak …