Biological apatites are characterised by various ionic substitutions within the HAp lattice that
are crucial for bone metabolism. The introduction of key role elements within synthetic …

Metallic materials such as stainless steel (SS), titanium (Ti), magnesium (Mg) alloys, and
cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) alloys are widely used as biomaterials for implant applications …

Hydroxyapatite is a basic mineral that is very important to the human body framework.
Recently, synthetic hydroxyapatite (SHA) and its nanocomposites (HANs) are the subject of …

Inorganic biomaterials, including different types of metals and ceramics are widely used in
various fields due to their biocompatibility, bioactivity, and bioresorbable capacity. In recent …

The need for biomaterials is in ever-increasing demand for a plethora of applications
nowadays. Hydroxyapatite (HAP) is a primary constituent of bones and teeth in vertebrates …

Bone tissue engineering has attracted great interest in the last few years, as the frequency of
tissue-damaging or degenerative diseases has increased exponentially. To obtain an ideal …

Limitations associated with conventional bone substitutes such as autografts, increasing
demand for bone grafts, and growing elderly population worldwide necessitate development …

Do** hydroxyapatite (HAp) with foreign ions has been increasing in popularity as a
chemical approach to augment the existing and impart new properties to it. However, it is …

In modern days, the usage of trauma fixation devices has significantly increased due to
sports injury, age-related issues, accidents, and revision surgery purposes. Numerous …

Alginate and gelatin are natural macromolecules used to formulate biocompatible drug
delivery systems. Hydroxyapatite (HA) is an osteophilic ceramic used to prepare bone …