Drying of grain is usually achieved by spreading grains on earth for solar radiation. This
technique is moderate, but being unsecured from a downpour, dust, invasion of bugs …

Precision agriculture control systems count on reliable and accurate microclimate forecasts
to maintain environmental suitability for crop growth. However, IoT devices adopted to …

Civil structures, including buildings, constantly exchange heat fluxes with the environment.
This includes heat exchange through conduction, convection, radiation and latent heat. A …

Solar radiation is the driving force for the surface energy balance in buildings such as
greenhouses. The greenhouses are generally tilted towards the sun in order to maximize the …

Greenhouses generally exhibit a greater degree of thermal radiation interaction with the
surroundings than other buildings. A number of greenhouse thermal environment analyses …

Precise determination of heat consumption in greenhouses requires accurate heat transfer
models. Nowadays energy analysis in greenhouses is inadequate because it is based on an …

Cloudiness influences the weather on earth and especially the longwave radiation received
by exterior surfaces of buildings such as greenhouses. Precise estimation of cloudiness is …

Solar radiation is the driving force for the surface energy balance in buildings such as
greenhouses. Greenhouses are generally tilted towards the sun in order to maximize the …