Ca2+-release channels are giant membrane proteins that control the release of Ca2+ from
the endoplasmic and sarcoplasmic reticulum. The two members, ryanodine receptors …

Ionized calcium (Ca2+) is the most versatile cellular messenger. All cells use Ca2+ signals
to regulate their activities in response to extrinsic and intrinsic stimuli. Alterations in cellular …

This review deals with the roles of calcium ions and ATP in the control of the normal
functions of the different cell types in the exocrine pancreas as well as the roles of these …

Signaling pathways regulate contraction of striated (skeletal and cardiac) and smooth
muscle. Although these are similar, there are striking differences in the pathways that can be …

During the past two decades calcium (Ca2+) accumulation in energized mitochondria has
emerged as a biological process of utmost physiological relevance. Mitochondrial Ca2+ …

The type-1 ryanodine receptor (RyR1) is an intracellular calcium (Ca 2+) release channel
required for skeletal muscle contraction. Here, we present cryo-EM reconstructions of RyR1 …

Stomatal guard cells are widely recognized as the premier plant cell model for membrane
transport, signaling, and homeostasis. This recognition is rooted in half a century of research …

The ryanodine receptors (RyRs) are high-conductance intracellular Ca2+ channels that play
a pivotal role in the excitation–contraction coupling of skeletal and cardiac muscles. RyRs …

How do neurons match generation of adenosine triphosphate by mitochondria to the
bioenergetic demands of regenerative activity? Although the subject of speculation, this …

Ryanodine receptors (RyRs) mediate the rapid release of calcium (Ca2+) from intracellular
stores into the cytosol, which is essential for numerous cellular functions including excitation …