MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, single-stranded, endogenous non-coding RNAs that
repress the expression of target genes via post-transcriptional mechanisms. Due to their …

One of the major disappointments in human autoimmunity has been the relative failure on
genome-wide association studies to provide “smoking genetic guns” that would explain the …

B cells have a critical role in the initiation and acceleration of autoimmune diseases,
especially those mediated by autoantibodies. In the peripheral lymphoid system, mature B …

The Wnt signaling pathway plays a key role in many biological aspects, such as cellular
proliferation, tissue regeneration, embryonic development, and other systemic effects. Under …

Systemic autoimmune diseases are complex conditions characterized by an immune system
dysregulation and an aberrant activation against self-antigens, leading to tissue and organ …

Recent research developments have shed light on the risk factors contributing to metabolic
complications, implicating both genetic and environmental factors, potentially integrated by …

HIV co-infection is the most critical risk factor for the reactivation of latent tuberculosis (TB)
infection (LTBI). While CD4+ T cell depletion has been considered the major cause of HIV …

Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), represent a family of RNA
molecules that do not translate into protein. Nevertheless, they have the ability to regulate …

Recent breakthroughs in genetic explorations have extended our understanding through
discovery of genetic patterns subjected to autoimmune diseases (AID). Genetics, on the …

Autoimmune diseases can be chronic with relapse of inflammatory symptoms, but it can be
also acute and life-threatening if immune cells destroy life-supporting organs, such as lupus …