Abstract The Miocene epoch (23.03–5.33 Ma) was a time interval of global warmth, relative
to today. Continental configurations and mountain topography transitioned toward modern …

Climate tip** points occur when change in a part of the climate system becomes self-
perpetuating beyond a warming threshold, leading to substantial Earth system impacts …

It is unequivocal that the increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4)
and nitrous oxide (N2O) since the pre-industrial period are caused by human activities. The …

Abstract The Eocene–Oligocene transition (EOT) was a climate shift from a largely ice-free
greenhouse world to an icehouse climate, involving the first major glaciation of Antarctica …

During the late Miocene epoch, about seven million years ago, large areas of the continents
experienced drying, enhanced seasonality, and a restructuring of terrestrial plant and animal …

A long-term record of global mean surface temperature (GMST) provides critical insight into
the dynamical limits of Earth's climate and the complex feedbacks between temperature and …

About 34 million years ago, Earth's climate shifted from a relatively ice-free world to one with
glacial conditions on Antarctica characterized by substantial ice sheets. How Earth's …

Palaeoclimate reconstructions of periods with warm climates and high atmospheric CO2
concentrations are crucial for develo** better projections of future climate change. Deep …

The alkenone–p CO2 methodology has been used to reconstruct the partial pressure of
ancient atmospheric carbon dioxide (p CO2) for the past 45 million years of Earth's history …

Whole genome duplication (WGD) is often considered to be mechanistically associated with
species diversification. Such ideas have been anecdotally attached to a WGD at the stem of …