The urgent need to address the high-cost issue of proton-exchange membrane fuel cell
(PEMFC) technologies, particularly for transportation applications, drives the development of …

The recycling and treatment of wastewater using microbial fuel cells (MFCs) has been
attracting significant attention as a way to control energy crises and water pollution …

Despite great progress in the development of nonprecious metal catalysts (NPMCs) over the
past several decades, the performance and stability of these promising catalysts have not …

In this article, three different Fe-NC oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts derived from
different organic molecules ie Fe-NMG, Fe-NMP, Fe-MBZ have been synthesized …

The impact of the electrolyte's pH on the catalytic activity of platinum group metal-free (PGM-
free) catalysts toward the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was studied. The results indicate …

While proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) continue to expand into commercial
markets, there is still pressure to decrease cost. One of the largest opportunities to reducing …

A non-noble metal (NNM) catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was synthesized
using Fe (II)-phthalocyanine as unique source of Fe, N, and C, and SBA-15 ordered …

The status, concepts and challenges toward catalysts free of platinum group metal (pgm)
elements for proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) are reviewed. Due to the …

Non-precious iron-nitrogen-carbon (Fe-NC) catalysts are promising for replacing expensive
and scarce platinum (Pt)-based catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in polymer …

Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) have attracted much attention because of
their high energy conversion efficiency, high power density and zero emission of pollutants …